Dysentery is the most common cause of flare-ups that usually occur during the summer months. Dysentery is an infectious disease manifested by bloody hemorrhoids, bloody, mucus, and inflamed stools. In addition to the above symptoms, patients may experience fever and abdominal cramps. to emergency services valid.
Dysentery disease can be seen in different ways. Amoebic dysentery and bacillus dysentery are the most important.
Amoebic dysentery: Amoebic dysentery is caused by small unicellular organisms called amoebas. Amoebic dysentery is a bloody, mucous diarrhea infection mainly of the large intestine. It is frequently seen in the Eastern Anatolia region in our country.
Bacilli dysenteryIt is a type of dysentery caused by a gram-negative bacterium called Shigella. After an incubation period of about 2 weeks, it settles in the intestinal tissue and causes damage there. Bacillus dysentery often occurs in contaminated areas where environmental health is not maintained. Bacilli dysentery, which usually causes epidemics in our country, is a disease with a high prognosis.
What are the symptoms of dysentery?
Once the dysentery agent enters the body, you may not have symptoms immediately. The severity and appearance of the symptoms vary according to the factor that causes dysentery and the person’s immune status. Similar symptoms in Bacillus dysentery and amoebic dysentery are as follows;
Disease inflammation of the large intestine Causes. There are bleeding points on the large intestine mucosa. After a while, edema develops in the large intestine and the crusts formed on the intestinal mucosa begin to fall off.
In mild cases, no symptoms are seen in both diseases except simple diarrhea. In moderate cases, symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, loss of appetite and vomiting are observed. Diarrhea in Basil dysentery disease Up to 30 This number does not exceed 10 in amoebic dysentery. Patients with these symptoms should be examined by a specialist as soon as possible.
In dysentery caused by amoeba, patients remove the cysts with feces and spread them for years. This situation may end by itself. In manual examinations, the liver is usually large and the patient feels pain during the examination. These symptoms begin to subside within about 2 weeks or may disappear completely.
If the disease is chronic in dysentery patients, it approaches 10 times a day. Diarrhea visible. This diarrhea is liquid, odorous, brown, sticky and thick. The patient has no appetite and is weak. Pain continues in the lower abdomen. The disease can last for several months or years.
How is dysentery diagnosed?
Dysentery disease may show symptoms at an early stage or progress without any symptoms. Patients who experience the above symptoms are diagnosed with dysentery with the help of diagnosis and screening tests. Here are the diagnostic and screening tests used in the diagnosis of dysentery;
Stool culture: The causative agent of the disease settles in the digestive system and begins to colonize there. The causative agent of the disease feeds in the large intestine and continues its life here. Feces taken from a person with suspected dysentery are stored in various media such as broths and reproduction occurs.
Bagpipe Examination: Especially the last stools taken from hospitalized patients with suspected amoebic dysentery can be sent for laboratory examination and a definitive diagnosis can be made with microscopic examination. Even if the amoeba factor is negative in the stools of people with severe symptoms, the microscope should be repeated after a while.
Blood test: The reliability of the blood test in diagnosis is lower than the stool test. In blood tests, signs of infection caused by the disease are checked.
Colonoscopy: Colonoscopy may be requested for the patient who is suspected of other diseases that have not been diagnosed in previous examinations. In addition, MRI and CT imaging methods can be used.
What is the treatment for dysentery?
Regardless of the factor causing dysentery, the fluid lost by the patient during diarrhea should be changed immediately before starting treatment. risk of dehydration should be removed. In addition, electrolyte imbalance may occur as patients lose minerals while losing water. Treatment should be supported with electrolyte solutions specially produced for these conditions.
Antimicrobial medication is not required in normal cases of diarrhea. However, when the dysentery factor is added, this drug can be used depending on the factor. While anti-amoebic drugs are used in the treatment of dysentery caused by amoebias, antibacterial drugs are used in the treatment of dysentery caused by bacteria.
Symptoms should disappear and the agent should be removed. Analgesic in patients suffering from pain, antipyretic in patients with fever and nausea medications should be used in patients with nausea. All these treatment methods are applied by infectious diseases doctors.
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