Mobbing, known as bullying, does not involve physical activity. It is the emotional attack itself. Aggression against a person by means of discomfort or bad behavior regardless of race, age and gender is called mobbing. There are many types.
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It depends entirely on social and psychological action. Mobbing has its own varieties. These; Vertical psychological harassment (from senior to subordinates), horizontal psychological harassment (between people in similar positions), vertical psychological harassment (employee to manager).
What is Mobbing?
Mobbing is the social bullying of a person or a group to any person or group. The origin of the word is based on Latin. Depending on the origin; It can be defined as psychological violence, harassment, pressure. The purpose is to is intimidation.
In the most general and known sense, especially It is the psychological terror seen in workplaces. Of course, it is not just a coincidence that people who practice mobbing show common characteristics. Mobbing, which can be called bullying, also causes various effects on the people who practice and apply it.
Especially in groups with intense polarization, it is a situation that the strong often apply to the weak ones. Recently, it has become an interdisciplinary subject, especially in sociology and law.
This concept, which we have heard more frequently in recent years, is more common in some profession groups. Studies show that mobbing is more common among those working in fields such as health, education and social services.
Well, who do you think people who practice mobbing target, in other words, who are they trying to crush? Again, some studies reveal that mobbing is used against the most active, effective, creative, in short, successful people in the workplace.
The conclusion we can draw from this research can actually be said that this concept emerged with a sense of jealousy. Generally, those who are under superiors, people whose position is in danger can be applied to other colleagues to secure themselves, those who are unsuccessful can apply it to their friends who are more prominent or selected as the employee of the month.
What are the Common Characteristics of People Who Use Mobbing?
These people are usually cowardly, neurotic people. They are hungry for power while always harboring the desire to be strong. They come to such serious dimensions that they can even resort to slander and deception. People’s personality traits are generally distasteful.
These people engage in various behaviors such as humiliating, ridiculing, excluding the goals they set, being hostile and feeling bad. These people should not forget that mobbing is actually a legal action.
In Article 105 of the Turkish Penal Code “A person who abuses a person for sexual purposes is sentenced to imprisonment from three months to two years or a judicial fine upon the complaint of the victim. These verbs; The punishment to be imposed according to the above paragraph is increased by one half if it is committed by abuse of influence arising from hierarchy, service or education / training relationship or by taking advantage of the convenience of working in the same workplace. Due to this act, the victim; If he had to leave his job, leave the school or his family, the punishment to be given cannot be less than one year. statement is included.
If you think it has been applied to you; Labor and Social Security Ministry, Prime Minister’s Communication Center (BIMER) Hello 170, the Constitutional Court, the Public Officials Ethics Board, City-County Human Rights Council, the Ombudsman and Human Rights in Turkey may notify the Agency and can forward their complaints.
What are Mobbing Behaviors (Types)?
Written or verbal threats and behaviors such as disrupting continuous communication are observed. In areas where mobbing is applied, nobody talks to you and you feel separated from others. Talking behind you is one of the most common behaviors known.
Even rumors are possible about you. The goal here is to impair self-confidence. They want you to do hard physical work. There may even be sexual harassment. The mobbing incident starts as a result of a disagreement in the workflow. As soon as the attacker realizes this, he continues, and the process begins.
Mobbing can be done in many different ways. We can list the most common and known of these as follows;
- Don’t ignore or ignore the person.
- Isolation in the environment.
- Do not be offended, do not take a stand against unfamiliar things.
- Behavior that will allow the employee to leave the job.
- Don’t take my word or take it seriously when I’m talking.
- Do not create any difficulties so that the employee does not complete his or her task.
- Don’t make unfounded rumors and rumors about that person at work.
- Do not use derogatory or offensive nicknames.
- Do not like, belittle and constantly criticize his work.
- Do not offend with rude, ugly or insulting words.
- Practice sexual harassment.
- Do not behave that will cause the motivation to be broken.
- Behaviors such as giving a person different jobs outside of his / her duty are shown among mobbing types.
What are the Effects on the Mobbing Person?
It harms the person’s professional life and the sense of self, and causes doubts about himself. Victims lose their self-confidence and start paranoia. The person is restless, afraid and shy where he sees mobbing.
People do not want to go to these places. In the later stages, serious illnesses can be seen, including sleep problems, crying attacks, panic attacks and heart attacks.
According to research done; Up to 41% of the victims who were bullied were depressed, and 31% of women and 21% of men were diagnosed with stress disorder. The same proportion of people never returned to their workplaces and did not work.
The effects seen vary according to the frequency and duration of the psychological abuse. The longer the duration of these pressures, the more the effects on the person will be felt. However, let’s underline a point that should not be ignored, since everyone will have a different limit of exposure to psychological violence, these effects are not felt in the same way by everyone.
Some people may feel under intense stress, reducing their work performance. If it continues for too long, it negatively affects the social order and physical activities of the person. These people may experience many important psychological problems and discomfort due to stress and anxiety.
Crying, concentration disturbance, showing touchiness, feeling sad about unnecessary events, decreased self-confidence, desire to distance themselves from social environments and depression are among the most popular effects.
Among the more intense and serious effects; Permanent sleep disorders, blood pressure disorders, extreme anxiety such as anxiety, the desire to come to work late and leave early, taking continuous leave, alcohol and drug use, loss of appetite, stomach and intestinal problems are seen.
If someone has been mobbing for more than a year panic attack, very intense anxiety, depression, heart attack, post traumatic stress disorder, suicide and even very serious situations such as a predisposition to murder may occur.
What Are The Ways To Prevent Mobbing?
Those who are exposed to mobbing should not distance themselves by getting psychological support, develop their self-confidence, and should not pay attention to anything that is done or spoken in the workplace. In short, they are asked to display a completely willed and indifferent character.
In addition, another suggestion is to start legal proceedings and apply to trade unions. Since it is a psychological attack, psychological defense methods should be developed. Thus, people do not have to leave business life.
History of Mobbing
In the first place, the word mobbing was used to describe the bullying relationships of individuals at child age with each other. Studies on people aged 50 and 60 at workplaces found that mobbing is not only among children.
These behaviors that aim to exclude people in business life may cause individuals to leave their jobs. Employers often try to leave the job by applying mobbing.
According to researches, it is more common in non-profit organizations, in areas such as schools and health centers. In addition to these, it has been seen in many areas. It is more common in areas with more organizational disorders.
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Psychologist Harrison recently conducted research with 9,000 employees in the United States and found that up to 42% of female employees and 15% of male employees were bullied.
As a result of this bullying, it was determined within the scope of the research that there was a loss of time and efficiency. The scientist named Leymaan explained that up to 15% of suicides in Sweden are caused by mobbing.
